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Sydney, Australia (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Dua atol karang terpencil di Kepulauan Marshall, sebuah negara kepulauan yang terletak di Samudra Pasifik, sebelah timur laut Australia, disebut-sebut termasuk ke dalam beberapa \"ekosistem laut liar dan sehat yang terakhir\" di dunia yang belum terjamah oleh manusia, ungkap para peneliti.

Bikar dan Bokak, atol paling utara di Kepulauan Marshall, masing-masing terletak sekitar 116 dan 385 kilometer dari atol terdekat yang berpenghuni, menurut ringkasan studi di situs jejaring Australian Science Media Center pada Rabu (11/11).

Sebuah ekspedisi ilmiah yang diadakan pada 2023 menemukan koloni burung laut yang luas, vegetasi asli yang matang, lokasi peneluran penyu yang aktif, biomassa ikan karang yang tinggi, predator yang berukuran besar, terumbu karang yang didominasi karang di Bokak, serta habitat mesofotik dengan struktur yang kompleks, dan komunitas laut dalam yang beragam dan belum banyak diketahui.

Peneliti dari Amerika Serikat, Kepulauan Marshall, dan Australia menemukan 15 koloni burung laut yang dipastikan atau kemungkinan besar akan berkembang biak, serta mencatat setidaknya 266 kelompok ikan karang, 138 kelompok ikan yang hidup di kedalaman yang lebih dalam, dan 79 kelompok ikan laut dalam, termasuk dua spesies yang kemungkinan merupakan spesies baru.

Temuan yang telah dipublikasikan di jurnal Frontiers in Marine Science ini memberikan dasar ekologis untuk atol-atol tersebut dari langit dan daratan hingga laut dalam, serta menyoroti beberapa ekosistem yang paling utuh yang tersisa di wilayah tersebut, kata para peneliti.

Setelah penilaian tersebut, Kepulauan Marshall menetapkan suaka laut yang meliputi area seluas sekitar 48.000 kilometer persegi di sekitar kedua atol tersebut, yang merupakan suaka laut nasional pertama di negara kepulauan itu.

Laporan: Redaksi

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