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Fosil artropoda air tawar berbadan runcing yang dinamai Maldybulakia saierensis di Daerah Otonom Uighur Xinjiang, China barat laut, menggeser kemunculan paling awal spesies itu menjadi sekitar 420 juta tahun yang lalu.

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Nanjing, China (Xinhua) – Sebuah tim peneliti asal China dan Inggris menemukan fosil artropoda air tawar berbadan runcing yang dinamai Maldybulakia saierensis di Daerah Otonom Uighur Xinjiang, China barat laut, yang menggeser kemunculan paling awal spesies itu menjadi sekitar 420 juta tahun yang lalu.

Temuan ini menjadi rekor fosil tubuh artropoda air tawar tertua yang ditemukan di China, ungkap tim peneliti dari Institut Geologi dan Paleontologi Nanjing yang berada di bawah naungan Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan China. Hasil penelitian ini telah dipublikasikan di jurnal Papers in Palaeontology.

Dalam publikasi ilmiah para peneliti menyebutkan bahwa penemuan spesies ini membawa mereka pada kemunculan Maldybulakia paling awal, yang sebelumnya diketahui berasal dari Kazakhstan selama periode Devonian (60,3 juta tahun lalu) dan Australia timur selama periode Silurian akhir (419,2 juta tahun lalu).

Maldybulakia saierensis terlihat seperti seekor serangga aneh dengan duri di sekujur tubuhnya. Tubuh artropoda ini memiliki beberapa segmen yang memanjang dengan duri simetris pada kedua sisinya, dan bagian ekornya memiliki duri yang ramping.

\n $\"Fosil$ \n

\n Rekonstruksi susunan sklerit Maldybulakia saierensis. (Xinhua/Cong Ruiwen)\n

Setelah menganalisis paleosalinitas dan data lainnya di lokasi fosil tersebut, tim peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa artropoda itu hidup di lingkungan air tawar, seperti danau atau sungai di pegunungan.

Artropoda merupakan filum terbesar dalam kerajaan hewan, yang mencakup udang dan kepiting yang hidup di air laut dan air tawar hingga nyamuk, lalat, dan laba-laba di darat, papar Xu Honghe, peneliti utama dalam riset ini yang berasal dari Institut Geologi dan Paleontologi Nanjing.

Xu menyatakan bahwa kemunculan artropoda air tawar merupakan mata rantai transisi penting dalam evolusi hewan-hewan laut ke darat. Penemuan fosil ini memberikan bukti penting untuk memahami bagaimana hewan beralih dari lautan ke daratan.

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