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Teknologi implan hidup yang berfungsi sebagai pankreas buatan berhasil menjaga pengendalian glukosa jangka panjang pada tikus percobaan dan mampu bertahan hidup di dalam tubuh primata nonmanusia.

Yerusalem, Wilayah Palestina yang diduduki (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Para peneliti di Israel dan Amerika Serikat berhasil mengembangkan implan hidup yang berfungsi sebagai pankreas buatan, sebuah terobosan yang suatu hari nanti dapat mengakhiri kebutuhan akan injeksi insulin harian bagi jutaan penderita diabetes.

Institut Teknologi Israel, yang dikenal sebagai Technion, mengumumkan pengembangan tersebut pada Senin (2/2) menyusul sebuah studi yang diterbitkan di dalam jurnal Science Translational Medicine.

Sistem berbasis sel tersebut berfungsi layaknya apotek di dalam tubuh. Sistem ini secara terus-menerus memantau kadar gula darah dan secara otomatis memproduksi serta mengeluarkan jumlah insulin yang tepat sesuai kebutuhan tubuh. Berbeda dengan teknologi yang ada saat ini, implan tersebut beroperasi tanpa memerlukan pompa eksternal maupun pantauan pasien.

Selama ini, hambatan utama dalam implan semacam ini adalah sistem kekebalan tubuh, yang sering kali menyerang jaringan asing. Para peneliti mengatasi masalah ini dengan merancang sebuah \"perisai kristal\" yang melindungi implan dari penolakan imun, sehingga membuatnya bisa berfungsi secara andal dalam jangka waktu yang lama.

Sejauh ini, teknologi tersebut berhasil menjaga pengendalian glukosa jangka panjang pada tikus percobaan dan mampu bertahan hidup di dalam tubuh primata nonmanusia.

Meskipun fokus utama saat ini adalah diabetes, para peneliti menyebutkan platform ini dapat diadaptasi untuk mengobati kondisi kronis lainnya. Dengan memodifikasi sel-sel dalam tubuh, implan tersebut berpotensi menyalurkan secara kontinu dosis protein yang dibutuhkan untuk mengobati hemofilia atau penyakit genetik dan metabolis lainnya.

Jika terbukti berhasil dalam uji klinis pada manusia, teknologi ini akan menandai pergeseran penting dalam bidang kedokteran, beralih dari pemberian obat secara manual seumur hidup menjadi ‘terapi hidup’ yang mampu mengatur secara mandiri di dalam tubuh.

Laporan: Redaksi

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