[{"_1":2,"_108":-5,"_109":-5},"loaderData",{"_3":4,"_9":10},"root",{"_5":6,"_7":8},"locale","id","isCms",false,"routes/tags/$slug",{"_11":12,"_13":14,"_15":16,"_95":96,"_102":98,"_106":101,"_107":-5},"slug","penularan-virus","ads",[],"posts",[17],{"_6":18,"_19":20,"_11":21,"_22":23,"_24":25,"_26":27,"_28":29,"_30":31,"_32":33,"_34":35,"_36":37,"_38":39,"_40":41,"_42":43,"_44":20,"_45":46,"_47":48,"_49":50,"_51":20,"_52":53,"_54":55,"_56":57,"_58":59,"_92":93,"_67":94},"019bb76c-a903-71c2-943f-f58f0efe84cd","title","Ilmuwan China ungkap bagaimana kelelawar fasilitasi penularan virus","ilmuwan-china-ungkap-bagaimana-kelelawar-fasilitasi-penularan-virus","main_id","019bb73f-297b-7103-96b7-87ea173dc182","main_name","Iptek","main_slug","iptek-id","date","2022-03-15 07:39:03","author_id","019bb745-b426-73a2-9a49-5ddcb6765ea0","author_name","indowin","full_name","Indonesia Window","author_firstname","Indonesia","author_slug","indonesiawindow","content","Jakarta (Indonesia Window) – Para peneliti China telah menemukan bahwa protein imunosupresif yang terkonsentrasi di kelenjar ludah kelelawar dapat membantu hewan itu memfasilitasi penularan virus.

Kelelawar semakin dianggap sebagai reservoir potensial dari banyak virus yang menyebabkan penyakit zoonosis melalui limpahan ke hewan lain dan manusia. Namun, para ilmuwan memiliki pemahaman yang terbatas tentang faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap pelepasan virus dari kelelawar.

Menurut para peneliti dari Institut Zoologi Kunming di bawah Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan China dan Universitas Kedokteran Angkatan Darat, kelelawar memiliki serangkaian respons imun antivirus yang unik yang mengendalikan penyebaran virus sambil membatasi respons inflamasi yang merusak diri sendiri.

Banyak penelitian berspekulasi bahwa kelelawar memiliki tempat istimewa secara imunologis di dalam tubuh di mana mamalia terbang dapat mentolerir pengenalan dan tempat tinggal antigen asing tanpa menimbulkan respons imun inflamasi. Rongga mulut, sebagai saluran masuk dan keluarnya virus, dianggap sebagai tempat istimewa secara imunologis pada kelelawar.

Para peneliti mengatakan bahwa mereka mengidentifikasi protein imunosupresan yang disebut MTX. MTX mungkin menciptakan lingkungan yang diistimewakan secara imunologis dan menginduksi toleransi imun inang terhadap virus di rongga mulut kelelawar dengan menangkal respons imun inang.

Temuan ini telah diterbitkan dalam jurnal AS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).

Dalam penelitian lebih lanjut, mereka menemukan bahwa pemberian MTX pada tikus memfasilitasi infeksi virus flu H1N1, yang mengarah pada peningkatan invasi virus dan kerusakan jaringan.

Para peneliti mengatakan bahwa MTX sangat terkonsentrasi di kelenjar ludah kelelawar. Studi mereka menunjukkan mekanisme untuk menghasilkan hak imunologis dan toleransi kekebalan pada kelelawar dan memberikan bukti pelepasan virus melalui sekresi oral.

Sementara itu, MTX mungkin menjadi kandidat potensial untuk mengembangkan obat anti-inflamasi, kata para peneliti.

Sumber: Xinhua

Laporan: Redaksi","excerpt","Jakarta (Indonesia Window) – Para peneliti China telah menemukan bahwa protein imunosupresif yang terkonsentrasi di kelenjar ludah kelelawar dapat membantu hewa...","seo_kw","seo_title","","seo_description","Rongga mulut, sebagai saluran masuk dan keluarnya virus, dianggap sebagai tempat istimewa secara imunologis pada kelelawar.","image","2022/03/todd-cravens-IY1sRDxNWN4-unsplash-scaled.jpg","image_alt","image_caption","Ilustrasi. (Todd Cravens on Unsplash)","image_url","https://indonesiawindow.sgp1.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/2022/03/todd-cravens-IY1sRDxNWN4-unsplash-scaled.jpg","status","publish","tags",[60,75,80,86],{"_6":61,"_62":63,"_64":65,"_11":12,"_49":-5,"_66":-5,"_67":68,"_69":68,"_70":71},"019bb744-91a5-7217-b905-ae5595f3aa27","old_id",13615,"name","penularan virus","description","created_at","2026-01-13T12:11:22.000000Z","updated_at","pivot",{"_72":18,"_73":61,"_67":74,"_69":74},"post_id","tag_id","2026-01-13T12:55:10.000000Z",{"_6":76,"_62":77,"_64":78,"_11":78,"_49":-5,"_66":-5,"_67":68,"_69":68,"_70":79},"019bb744-91a8-7313-8b37-9975deaac966",13617,"kelelawar",{"_72":18,"_73":76,"_67":74,"_69":74},{"_6":81,"_62":82,"_64":83,"_11":84,"_49":-5,"_66":-5,"_67":68,"_69":68,"_70":85},"019bb744-91ad-713a-9da6-ba7c12d2ea81",13619,"penyakit zoonosis","penyakit-zoonosis",{"_72":18,"_73":81,"_67":74,"_69":74},{"_6":87,"_62":88,"_64":89,"_11":90,"_49":-5,"_66":-5,"_67":68,"_69":68,"_70":91},"019bb744-91b0-70a7-bd6e-aa2e8cf97186",13621,"flu H1N1","flu-h1n1",{"_72":18,"_73":87,"_67":74,"_69":74},"comments",[],"2022-03-15","pagination",{"_97":98,"_99":98,"_100":101,"_102":98,"_103":98,"_104":105},"count",1,"total","perPage",12,"currentPage","totalPages","links",{},"pageSize","error","actionData","errors"]