[{"_1":2,"_170":-5,"_171":-5},"loaderData",{"_3":4,"_9":10},"root",{"_5":6,"_7":8},"locale","id","isCms",false,"routes/tags/$slug",{"_11":12,"_13":14,"_15":16,"_157":158,"_164":160,"_168":163,"_169":-5},"slug","zaman-es","ads",[],"posts",[17],{"_6":18,"_19":20,"_11":21,"_22":23,"_24":25,"_26":27,"_28":29,"_30":31,"_32":33,"_34":35,"_36":37,"_38":39,"_40":41,"_42":43,"_44":45,"_46":20,"_47":48,"_49":50,"_51":52,"_53":54,"_55":56,"_57":58,"_59":60,"_154":155,"_69":156},"019bb769-41b3-7334-b3f2-48698c46b4fb","title","Gletser Himalaya mencair cepat, ancam pasokan air jutaan orang di Asia","gletser-himalaya-mencair-cepat-ancam-pasokan-air-jutaan-orang-di-asia","main_id","019bb73f-297b-7103-96b7-87ea173dc182","main_name","Iptek","main_slug","iptek-id","date","2021-12-27 22:02:28","author_id","019bb745-b426-73a2-9a49-5ddcb6765ea0","author_name","indowin","full_name","Indonesia Window","author_firstname","Indonesia","author_slug","indonesiawindow","content","Jakarta (Indonesia Window) – Sejak pertumbuhan gletser besar terakhir pada 400-700 tahun yang lalu, periode yang dikenal sebagai Zaman Es Kecil, gletser Himalaya telah kehilangan es 10 kali lebih cepat dalam beberapa dekade terakhir daripada rata-rata.

Studi ini juga menunjukkan bahwa gletser di Himalaya menyusut dengan kecepatan yang oleh para peneliti digambarkan sebagai \"luar biasa\" dibandingkan dengan gletser di tempat lain di dunia.

Rekonstruksi 14.798 gletser Himalaya selama Zaman Es Kecil telah diterbitkan dalam Scientific Reports.

Gletser telah menyusut dari puncak seluas 28.000 kilometer persegi menjadi sekitar 19.600 kilometer persergi, atau kehilangan 40 persen, menurut Phys.org.

Antara 390 dan 586 kilometer kubik es telah hilang selama periode waktu itu, yang setara dengan gabungan semua es saat ini yang ada di Pegunungan Alpen Eropa Tengah, Kaukasus, dan Skandinavia.

Menurut perhitungan tim, jumlah air yang mengalir ke laut dari pencairan es ini berkisar antara 0,92 mm hingga 1,38 mm.

Profesor Jonathan Carrivick, rekan penulis studi dan Wakil Kepala Jurusan Geografi di Universitas Leeds Inggris, mengatakan telah terjadi peningkatan sepuluh kali lipat dalam hilangnya es dari gletser Himalaya dalam satu abad terakhir.

Dia menambahkan bahwa dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, perubahan iklim yang disebabkan oleh manusia telah menyebabkan peningkatan laju kerusakan.

Pegunungan ini adalah rumah bagi es gletser terbesar ketiga di dunia setelah Antarktika (Kutub Selatan) dan sering disebut sebagai 'Kutub Ketiga'.

Lebih dari satu miliar orang di Asia bergantung pada sungai untuk makanan dan listrik mereka, sehingga pencairan cepat gletser Himalaya memiliki konsekuensi besar. Sungai Brahmaputra, Gangga, dan Indus adalah beberapa contohnya.

Permukaan gletser direkonstruksi menggunakan gambar satelit dan model elevasi komputer yang berasal dari 400-700 tahun yang lalu.

Bekas perbatasan gletser terlihat dalam gambar satelit, dan peneliti memanfaatkan geometri pegunungan dengan puncak tertinggi 8.849 meter ini, untuk menentukan ukuran gletser dan ketinggian permukaan esnya di masa lalu.

Volume dan kehilangan massa ditentukan dari Zaman Es Kecil dan sekarang, dibandingkan rekonstruksi gletser saat ini.

Gletser Himalaya di Nepal timur dan Bhutan kehilangan massanya lebih cepat daripada di wilayah barat.

Menurut penelitian, pola cuaca di kedua sisi pegunungan ini cenderung berbeda karena perbedaan fitur geografis dan interaksinya dengan atmosfer.

Ada beberapa alasan mengapa gletser di Himalaya mencair lebih cepat daripada yang berakhir di darat. Pertumbuhan jumlah dan ukuran danau di sekitarnya berarti bahwa kehilangan massa akan terus meningkat.

Selain itu, gletser dengan banyak puing-puing alami di permukaannya kehilangan massa pada tingkat yang jauh lebih cepat daripada gletser lainnya, terhitung 46,5 persen dari total kehilangan volume.

Dalam hal pengurangan dan mitigasi dampak perubahan iklim pada gletser, Dr. Carrivick mengatakan bahwa pemodelan dampak tersebut pada gletser juga harus mempertimbangkan peran faktor-faktor seperti danau dan puing-puing.

Sumber: natureworldnews.com

Laporan: Redaksi","excerpt","Jakarta (Indonesia Window) – Sejak pertumbuhan gletser besar terakhir pada 400-700 tahun yang lalu, periode yang dikenal sebagai Zaman Es Kecil, gletser Himalay...","seo_kw","gletser Himalaya","seo_title","seo_description","Gletser Himalaya telah menyusut dari puncak seluas 28.000 kilometer persegi menjadi sekitar 19.600 kilometer persergi, ancam pasokan air.","image","2021/12/sebastian-pena-lambarri-mGxKdwKhzEU-unsplash-scaled.jpg","image_alt","Gletser Himalaya","image_caption","Ilustrasi. (Sebastian Pena Lambarri on Unsplash)","image_url","https://indonesiawindow.sgp1.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/2021/12/sebastian-pena-lambarri-mGxKdwKhzEU-unsplash-scaled.jpg","status","publish","tags",[61,77,84,90,97,104,111,118,125,132,138,143,148],{"_6":62,"_63":64,"_65":66,"_11":67,"_49":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":70,"_71":70,"_72":73},"019bb744-0895-701a-ab9c-acd354a4c3c3","old_id",355,"name","perubahan iklim","perubahan-iklim","description","created_at","2026-01-13T12:10:47.000000Z","updated_at","pivot",{"_74":18,"_75":62,"_69":76,"_71":76},"post_id","tag_id","2026-01-13T12:51:27.000000Z",{"_6":78,"_63":79,"_65":80,"_11":81,"_49":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":82,"_71":82,"_72":83},"019bb744-20c1-733d-94b6-4f3bf7c52290",2901,"kenaikan suhu laut","kenaikan-suhu-laut","2026-01-13T12:10:54.000000Z",{"_74":18,"_75":78,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":85,"_63":86,"_65":87,"_11":88,"_49":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":82,"_71":82,"_72":89},"019bb744-20c6-7196-8293-a7e652b0e6ac",2903,"kenaikan suhu bumi","kenaikan-suhu-bumi",{"_74":18,"_75":85,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":91,"_63":92,"_65":93,"_11":94,"_49":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":95,"_71":95,"_72":96},"019bb744-4915-71ef-a453-08598642039f",6345,"dampak perubahan iklim negara kepulauan","dampak-perubahan-iklim-negara-kepulauan","2026-01-13T12:11:04.000000Z",{"_74":18,"_75":91,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":98,"_63":99,"_65":100,"_11":101,"_49":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":102,"_71":102,"_72":103},"019bb744-502b-7354-a0f2-54c5cb7e16a9",7009,"makhluk hidup di Kutub Selatan","makhluk-hidup-di-kutub-selatan","2026-01-13T12:11:06.000000Z",{"_74":18,"_75":98,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":105,"_63":106,"_65":107,"_11":108,"_49":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":109,"_71":109,"_72":110},"019bb744-604e-708b-a028-b3ebb66a4991",8647,"pencairan es Kutub Utara","pencairan-es-kutub-utara","2026-01-13T12:11:10.000000Z",{"_74":18,"_75":105,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":112,"_63":113,"_65":114,"_11":115,"_49":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":116,"_71":116,"_72":117},"019bb744-774d-71f4-bacd-d57e5309e039",11041,"kenaikan muka air laut","kenaikan-muka-air-laut","2026-01-13T12:11:16.000000Z",{"_74":18,"_75":112,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":119,"_63":120,"_65":121,"_11":122,"_49":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":123,"_71":123,"_72":124},"019bb744-83f3-702d-bac1-926b20c1bcde",12421,"bencana perubahan iklim","bencana-perubahan-iklim","2026-01-13T12:11:19.000000Z",{"_74":18,"_75":119,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":126,"_63":127,"_65":128,"_11":129,"_49":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":130,"_71":130,"_72":131},"019bb744-8685-73bf-b765-6861b242cfee",12631,"Kutub Selatan","kutub-selatan","2026-01-13T12:11:20.000000Z",{"_74":18,"_75":126,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":133,"_63":134,"_65":135,"_11":136,"_49":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":130,"_71":130,"_72":137},"019bb744-8689-70c0-ba8e-177c5de2ca65",12633,"Himalaya","himalaya",{"_74":18,"_75":133,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":139,"_63":140,"_65":141,"_11":141,"_49":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":130,"_71":130,"_72":142},"019bb744-868e-714e-ba6c-b5002569d86f",12635,"gletser",{"_74":18,"_75":139,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":144,"_63":145,"_65":146,"_11":12,"_49":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":130,"_71":130,"_72":147},"019bb744-8691-713c-ba1a-d61457803b47",12637,"zaman es",{"_74":18,"_75":144,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":149,"_63":150,"_65":45,"_11":151,"_49":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":152,"_71":152,"_72":153},"019bb744-aa70-7177-827e-33158e28e25c",16547,"gletser-himalaya","2026-01-13T12:11:29.000000Z",{"_74":18,"_75":149,"_69":76,"_71":76},"comments",[],"2021-12-27","pagination",{"_159":160,"_161":160,"_162":163,"_164":160,"_165":160,"_166":167},"count",1,"total","perPage",12,"currentPage","totalPages","links",{},"pageSize","error","actionData","errors"]