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Beijing, China (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Sebuah tim peneliti China telah merampungkan peta geologis terbaru dari seluruh permukaan Bulan dengan skala 1:5.000.000, ungkap Institut Geologi Akademi Ilmu Geologi China (Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences/IGCAGS) pada Kamis (6/8).

Sebagai iterasi ilmiah yang signifikan dari versi 2024, peta ini secara efektif menulis ulang sejarah geologis Bulan berdasarkan temuan-temuan penelitian terbaru.

\"Sejarah geologis Bulan memang telah ditulis ulang – lebih tepatnya, disempurnakan dan disistematisasikan,\" ujar Direktur IGCAGS Yang Zhiming.

Secara spesifik, pencapaian utama dari pembaruan ini adalah kalibrasi ulang era-era geologis purba Bulan. Peta baru tersebut secara sistematis memperbarui batasan umur dari tiga periode geologis purba Bulan, yaitu periode Aitkenian, Nectarian, dan Imbrian, dengan merujuk pada kemajuan terbaru dalam kronologi internasional.

Patut diketahui, sampel Chang'e-5 mengonfirmasi adanya aktivitas vulkanis di Bulan sekitar 2 miliar tahun yang lalu, memperpanjang rentang waktu geologisnya 1 miliar tahun dari yang sebelumnya diterima, yakni 3 miliar tahun. Data penanggalan independen ini kini telah menjadi landasan utama bagi skala waktu geologis Bulan secara global.

Menyoroti temuan-temuan spasial tersebut, peta geologis Bulan global terbaru itu menjadi kanvas komprehensif pertama yang memuat temuan eksklusif dari misi Chang'e-6.

\"Sampel-sampel Bulan beserta peta ini akan menjadi titik awal yang baru bagi pembahasan ilmiah mengenai sisi jauh Bulan,\" tutur Jin Ming, associate researcher di IGCAGS.

Peta tersebut memerinci usia basal mare muda di sisi jauh Bulan yang diperoleh dari sampel Chang'e-6, sekaligus merekam sejarah vulkanis kawasan tersebut.

Peta ini juga mengungkap bahwa batuan KREEP, yang kaya akan unsur tanah jarang dan berbagai sumber daya strategis lainnya, membentang jauh lebih berkesinambungan dan melimpah di Oceanus Procellarum dibandingkan perkiraan sebelumnya. Temuan ini, yang dicapai melalui eliminasi derau spektral (spectral noise), mendorong evaluasi ulang yang sistemis terhadap proses kristalisasi lautan magma purba dan evolusi termal internal di Bulan.

Selain memuat data ilmiah, peta berukuran 2,8 x 1,2 meter itu juga memperkenalkan standar kartografi eksklusif. Dengan mengidentifikasi lebih dari 13.500 kawah tumbukan dan 81 cekungan, peta tersebut menerapkan skema warna unik yang berakar pada logika geologis dan estetika tradisional China, dengan mengusung prinsip \"lebih terang untuk yang lebih muda, lebih gelap untuk yang lebih tua.\"

Selain itu, standar tersebut juga akan diterapkan pada pemetaan geologis Mars dan asteroid di masa mendatang, yang mengakhiri ketergantungan pada sistem standar asing.

\"Standar ini lebih dari sekadar unjuk kekuatan lunak (soft power) di bidang teknologi. Standar ini akan diperluas ke pemetaan geologis planet-planet di masa mendatang, membangun kerangka kekayaan intelektual yang independen bagi eksplorasi antariksa jauh China,\" tutur Yang.

Laporan: Redaksi

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