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Jakarta (Indonesia Window) – Asia Tenggara kini bukan lagi sekadar menjadi penonton pasif dalam gejolak geopolitik global, melainkan tengah bertransformasi menjadi arsitek aktif yang menavigasi persaingan kekuatan besar melalui strategi ‘Diplomasi Bambu’ hingga penguasaan ekonomi biru dan kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI).

Dinamika krusial tersebut dibedah secara mendalam melalui forum akademik SEArious Talk yang diselenggarakan oleh Kelompok Riset Asia Tenggara di Pusat Riset Kewilayahan (PRW) Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN) di Jakarta, pada Kamis (18/6).

Kepala PRW BRIN, Fadjar Ibnu Thufail, menegaskan bahwa pemahaman mendalam tentang negara-negara jiran adalah kebutuhan mendesak bagi Indonesia.

Dia menyoroti sebuah ironi dalam studi kawasan saat ini.

“Lebih banyak orang dari negara jiran yang paham tentang Indonesia dibandingkan kami paham tentang negara tetangga”, ungkap Fadjar, seraya menekankan riset kewilayahan harus diperkuat untuk menciptakan pemahaman komparatif terhadap masalah-masalah di luar negeri demi kepentingan nasional.

Forum ini menjadi wadah strategis bagi para peneliti, pembuat kebijakan, dan akademisi untuk merumuskan respons efektif terhadap tantangan transisi regional yang semakin kompleks.

Pada kesempatan itu, Assoc. Prof. Nazli Aziz dari Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) memaparkan materi bertajuk ‘Southeast Asia in Transition’.

Nazli mengidentifikasi 10 pilar ekosistem transisi regional, yang mencakup konektivitas, kompetisi geopolitik, tata kelola pemerintahan, hingga transformasi digital dan ekonomi biru (blue economy).

Nazli menekankan bahwa \"Sentralitas ASEAN\" tetap menjadi jangkar utama dalam menghadapi tekanan geopolitik dari kekuatan besar seperti China dan Amerika Serikat.

\"Prinsip netralitas dan non-intervensi ASEAN adalah hal yang menyatukan kita sebagai blok yang kuat,\" ujar Nazli.

Selain itu, dia menyoroti pentingnya kesiapan AI (AI readiness) dan literasi digital agar kawasan ini tidak tertinggal dalam persaingan ekonomi global.

Di UMT sendiri, penguasaan AI dan bahasa Mandarin kini telah menjadi mata kuliah wajib untuk mempersiapkan mahasiswa menghadapi pasar masa depan.

Menariknya, Nazli juga mengangkat peran kearifan lokal (indigenous knowledge) sebagai elemen resiliensi yang sering kali lebih berkelanjutan dibandingkan model impor dari Barat.

Dia mendorong pendekatan penelitian transdisipliner yang menggabungkan ilmu sosial, sains, dan hukum untuk menghasilkan rekomendasi kebijakan yang lebih inklusif.

Melengkapi perspektif tersebut, Peneliti PRW-BRIN Lamijo menganalisis posisi strategis Vietnam melalui konsep \"Diplomasi Bambu\" yang menjadi ciri khas politik luar negeri Vietnam: berakar kuat pada kepentingan nasional, namun lentur dalam menghadapi perubahan global.

\"Vietnam kini memosisikan diri tidak hanya sebagai pengikut pasif, tetapi sebagai arsitek aktif di kawasan,\" jelas Lamijo.

Melalui strategi ini, Vietnam berupaya menjadi kekuatan menengah (middle power) yang mampu menyeimbangkan pengaruh negara-negara superpower, China dan Amerika Serikat, tanpa harus memihak, demi menjaga stabilitas dan pertumbuhan ekonomi nasionalnya.

Di sisi lain, persoalan ketimpangan ekonomi yang tajam antar-negara anggota ASEAN menuntut perhatian serius melalui penguatan tata kelola (governance) yang transparan dan kepemimpinan yang bijak.

Langkah strategis ini dipandang penting untuk memperkecil celah kesenjangan sekaligus menarik investasi berkualitas, guna menjamin stabilitas dan kemakmuran ekonomi regional.

Sejalan dengan upaya tersebut, muncul penekanan pada pentingnya pendekatan transdisipliner, di mana ilmu sosial harus berkolaborasi dengan sains dan hukum untuk mengelola isu-isu strategis seperti Ekonomi Biru, terutama mengenai pengelolaan wilayah di luar yurisdiksi nasional (Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction/BBNJ).

Para peneliti sepakat bahwa kolaborasi riset antar-negara, seperti antara Indonesia dan Malaysia, sangat diperlukan untuk mengelola sumber daya maritim secara berkelanjutan dan menjaga keamanan kawasan.

Laporan: Redaksi

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